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Vector Addition of Light’s Velocity Versus the Hafele-Keating Time Dilation Test

Received: 21 August 2016     Accepted: 26 November 2016     Published: 6 May 2017
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Abstract

The equivalence between the constancy of light in all inertial, nongravitated frames and time dilation is derived in this paper. Length contraction is not part of this equivalence and is eliminated by Occam’s razor. The null result of the Mickelson-Morley experiment requires a different explanation for the same intensity of the recombination of split light beams as originally transmitted, especially in the perpendicular component. Vector addition of velocities applies to light’s behavior in both parallel and perpendicular components of the moving Mickelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. If the one-way speed of light is not a universal constant in all directions for moving inertial frames, then the time dilation formula is incorrect. One must question any time dilation experiments, particularly the claims in the Hafele-Keating report, which contains several inaccuracies and data manipulation. Another time dilation experiment with better atomic clock and rigorous testing is warranted.

Published in International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12
Page(s) 50-55
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Relativity, Light Speed, Time Dilation, Interferometer, Length Contraction

References
[1] Deines, S. D., Dichotomy between length contraction and null results from all interferometer experiments, International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, 2, (1), (2016) p?
[2] Brillet, A. and Hall, J. L. “Improved laser test of the isotropy of space” (1979) Phys. Rev. Lett., 42 (9), p. 549-552, Bibcode 1979PhRvL..42..549B. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett. 42. 549.
[3] Herrmann, S., Senger, A., Möhle, K., Nagel, M., Kovalchuk, E. V. and Peters, A., “Rotating optical cavity experiment testing Lorentz invariance at the 10-17 level” (2009) Phys. Rev. D., 80 (100):105011, arXiv: 1002.1284. Bibcode: 2009PhRvD..80j5011H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.80.105011.
[4] Serway, R. A. and Jewett Jr., J. W., Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Cengage Learning (2014), p. 1196-1198.
[5] Euclid, Elements, Book 1, proposition 47.
[6] Young, H. D., Adams, P. W. and Chastain, R. J., Sears and Zemansky’s College Physics, Pearson (2016), 10th ed., p. 872.
[7] Hafele, J. C. and Keating, R. E., “Around-the-World Atomic Clocks: Predicted Relativistic Time Gains”, Science, (1972) 177, p. 166-177.
[8] Pound, R. V.; Rebka Jr. G. A. "Gravitational Red-Shift in Nuclear Resonance". Physical Review Letters (November 1, 1959) 3 (9), p. 439–441.
[9] Hafele, J. C., “Performance and Results of Portable Clocks in Aircraft”, Third Annual Department of Defense (DOD) Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Strategic Planning Meeting, 16-18 Nov 1971, Washington, DC, p. 261-288.
[10] Kelly, A. G., “Hafele and Keating Tests: Did They Prove Anything?”, Physics Essays, (2000) 13, Issue 4, p. 616, DOI: 10.4006/1.3025451.
[11] Kelly, A. G., Monograph No 3, The Institution of Engineers of Ireland (1996) ISBN 1-898012-22-9.
[12] Essen, L., Creation Res. Society Quarterly, (1977) 14, p. 46.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Steven D. Deines. (2017). Vector Addition of Light’s Velocity Versus the Hafele-Keating Time Dilation Test. International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, 3(3), 50-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12

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    ACS Style

    Steven D. Deines. Vector Addition of Light’s Velocity Versus the Hafele-Keating Time Dilation Test. Int. J. Appl. Math. Theor. Phys. 2017, 3(3), 50-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12

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    AMA Style

    Steven D. Deines. Vector Addition of Light’s Velocity Versus the Hafele-Keating Time Dilation Test. Int J Appl Math Theor Phys. 2017;3(3):50-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12,
      author = {Steven D. Deines},
      title = {Vector Addition of Light’s Velocity Versus the Hafele-Keating Time Dilation Test},
      journal = {International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {50-55},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijamtp.20170303.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijamtp.20170303.12},
      abstract = {The equivalence between the constancy of light in all inertial, nongravitated frames and time dilation is derived in this paper. Length contraction is not part of this equivalence and is eliminated by Occam’s razor. The null result of the Mickelson-Morley experiment requires a different explanation for the same intensity of the recombination of split light beams as originally transmitted, especially in the perpendicular component. Vector addition of velocities applies to light’s behavior in both parallel and perpendicular components of the moving Mickelson-Morley and Kennedy-Thorndike experiments. If the one-way speed of light is not a universal constant in all directions for moving inertial frames, then the time dilation formula is incorrect. One must question any time dilation experiments, particularly the claims in the Hafele-Keating report, which contains several inaccuracies and data manipulation. Another time dilation experiment with better atomic clock and rigorous testing is warranted.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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